The leading patron of these voyages was Henry the Navigator, a Portuguese prince. 1420-92), Portugal initiated the global naval era by exploring the coast of Africa (in hopes of finding a way round to India), colonizing several Atlantic islands, and establishing African trading posts (which fostered a booming trade with West Africa in gold, ivory, and slaves). The opening phase of European exploration and colonization, known as the Age of Discovery, can be divided into two parts.
Initially, the foremost motivation for these efforts was the search for overseas trade routes with India and China.
The Early Modern period was, for good and ill, the age of European exploration, conquest, and colonization.
1300-WWI), conventional trade with Asia was blocked, forcing Europe to seek ocean routes. With the decline of the Mongols and the rise of the Ottoman Empire (ca. But while the Mongols were happy to trade with the West, the Ottomans were not. 1200-1300), which came to encompass virtually the full width of Asia, simplified Eurasian trade by cutting out middleman states. Plymouth had created its own form of government in 1620 through the Mayflower Compact, the first written governmental framework in the New World.The Mongol Empire (ca. Constitution.īy a royal charter in 1691, Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony were joined together to form the Massachusetts Colony. This would be divided into two houses, much like the legislative branch later established in the U.S. In 1634, the General Court ruled that the settlers must create a representative legislative body.
However, according to the charter, the freemen, who included any of the charter's shareholders, could have drawn up a council, but Winthrop initially tried to keep that secret from them. John Winthrop became the governor of the colony. Massachusetts Bay Colony was created in 1629 by a charter from King Charles I, and the first settlers arrived in 1630. While the Massachusetts Bay Company was intended to transfer the colonial wealth to Britain, the settlers themselves transferred the charter to Massachusetts, turning a commercial venture into a political one.
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